Thursday, May 21, 2020

John Dewey Essay - 1595 Words

John Dewey was one of the greatest minds in history. A philosopher, his concern was democracy and its ideals. A thinker about the problems in education. A prominent voice in America, commanding the admiration of those who agreed with his views, and respect for his mind even from those who did not. The man: John Dewey, an American philosopher. Dewey’s pedagogy was one with three distinctive traits: it was democratic in that it called for pluralism. It was a follower of the scientific method in that it was a systemic approach at solving problems and forming judgments, both practical and moral. It prized directed experience as an ongoing process of means as ends and ends as means. These three traits of Dewey’s philosophy are tied to all†¦show more content†¦For Dewey, schools were responsible for developing democratic dispositions and tools: acute social awareness; critical assessments of existing social institutions; skepticism; voluntary cooperation. In the end, the best tool for democracy, which was highly democratic in Dewey’s view, was the scientific method. Dewey saw in democracy, aided with these tools of enlightenment, the social structure most capable of growing, progressing, in an ethical and humane way. He wrote, â€Å"As a society becomes more enlightened, it realizes that it is res ponsible not to transmit and conserve the whole of its existing achievements, but only such as make for a better future society. The school is the chief agency for the accomplishment of this end† (DE, 20). The school was for much of Dewey’s life the primary source of progress in a dynamic democracy. Because Dewey’s faith in democracy was so strong, and because he was not so optimistic to think that people would always and naturally make good decisions, he was compelled to put education high on his list of social priorities. Dewey felt that it was essential that the public be enlightened with knowledge; moreover, Dewey laid more emphasis on judgment than the mere accumulation of facts: people were to have the best method of forming good judgments. That method was the scientific method. Pointing out that â€Å"emotions andShow MoreRelatedWilliam James And John Dewey930 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam James, and John Dewey are well-known for their contributions to early psychology. Both were highly influential in the transition from mental philosophy to scientific psychology. This transition involved moving from a narrow focus of consciousness structure to the psychological study of the purpose, and processes of human functioning. These psychologists used their own reflections to attempt the separation of conscious experience into elements. James conceived a more practical, and dynamicRead MoreEducational Philosophy of John Dewey Essay702 Words   |  3 PagesThe Educational Philosophy of John Dewey John Dewey is known as leader of the progressive movement in the history of the American education system and his book, Democracy and Education: an introduction to the philosophy of education, could be used as a textbook to teach the foundations of the movement. Discrediting all previous educational and philosophic approaches as intellectually incomplete or inaccurate, Dewey first presents a new perspective on the nature of knowledge, education, societyRead MoreJohn Dewey And Traditional Education1832 Words   |  8 PagesThrough reading the theories of John Dewey, it’s become clear that his primary concern was that the traditional education model that was available in his time-period; which schooled students in basic subject matter, however, did not take on the task of teaching problem solving techniques. Thus, the students had no real way to deal with actual problems due to their lack of education in the subject matter. This phenomena in education is not something of just Dewey’s time, it continues throughout ourRead MoreJohn Dewey And Progressive Education1766 Words   |  8 PagesJohn Dewey and Progressive Education One of the most vitalizing and dominant thinkers in American education was John Dewey (1859-1952). His philosophy of pragmatism was central to the progressive education movement, which emphasizes the need to learn by doing. Progressive education is a vital part of a successful democracy because it encourages citizens to think for themselves. Dewey believed that there was a direct link between education and social action in a democracy and that school shouldRead MoreWilliam James And John Dewey1061 Words   |  5 PagesWilliam James and John Dewey are well-known for their contributions to early psychology. Both were highly influential in the transition from mental philosophy to scientific psychology. This transition involved moving from a narrow focus of consciousness structure to the psychological study of the purpose, and processes of human functioning. These psychologists used their own reflections to attempt the separation of conscious experience into elements. James conceived a more practical, and dynamicRead MoreJohn Dewey And The Progressive Education Movement1381 Words   |  6 PagesJohn Dewey is the most important figure in the progressive education movement. He is a philosopher and an educator whom developed a vision of how education should be. At Johns Hopkins University, Dewey got his PhD in philosophy in 1884. He was teaching philosophy and psychology until his interests directed him towards child psychology. While studying child psychology, Dewey developed a philosophy of education that would correlate with democratic society. He then became a professor at UniversityRead MoreComapring Gardners Model to the Theory of John Dewey2342 Words   |  10 Pageshistory, caught in its movement; creators perhaps in some measure of its future, but also assuredly creatures of its past.-John Dewey American philosopher, social commentator, idealist, educator, and democratic theorist, John Dewey has had a profound impact on Americas educational system. Proponent of change and advocate of hands-on learning and interactive classrooms, Dewey accomplished a great deal in his long life, (interestingly enough, he is the only major philosopher to live beyond his ninetiethRead MoreAnalysis Of John Dewey s The Metamorphoses Of Ovid 1402 Words   |  6 Pageshave to understand the experience the artist goes through while making a work of art. In â€Å"Art as Experience†, John Dewey states that a real work of art is the experience of making the work of art and not the final piece. For instance, in â€Å"The Metamorphoses of Ovid† Ovid ‘s Arachne serves as an allegory for Dewey’s belief, that art is not the object but the process of creation. John Dewey is an American philosopher considered to be one of the founders of functional psychology. He has also been veryRead MoreAnalysis Of John Dewey s Democracy And Education1819 Words   |  8 Pages John Dewey in Democracy and Education, stresses the importance of formal education and how the mass media has manipulated the uneducated in our society. However, Dewey explains how manipulation is prevented through formal education. Not only will society become intelligent, they will be better-educated citizens with knowledge about serving others. Therefore, creating citizens that want to help each other and make a successful democracy. Dewey is still speaking to us today, about the mass media andRead MoreJohn Dewey and his Idea of Learning Essay1906 Words   |  8 Pages Experience and Education portrays John Dewey’s critical analysis of the traditional and progressive education system. He believed that people, no matter their age, did not have an empty mind, waiting to be filled with the knowledge schools offered. Alternatively, he pushed a method of learning where students organized information based on facts by expanding on previous knowledge; such a situation implies that teachers must create an environment as to foster such an experience. Thus, the challenge

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Philippine Tourism Industry Analysis - 5195 Words

THE PHILIPPINE TOURISM INDUSTRY ANALYSIS I. SCANNING OF THE EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT A. OPERATING ENVIRONMENT 1. ECONOMIC INDICATORS Income, employment, balance of payments and investments are all the positive impacts of the tourism industry. The industry generates income through salary, wages, loan and interest. The amount spent by tourists though their currency in the accommodation, food and beverage and other tourism services and products,once they visited in our country, becomes our tourist receipts. Tourism brings new money into the economy. Tourist money is returned to the local economy as it is spent over and over again. As shown in the multiplier effect, the salary that an employee receives from the business can be used for†¦show more content†¦This would then lead to the improvement of health conditions and allows the area to control disease. However, congestion results from saturation making an area crowded and supply of resources limited for locals. A change in social structure and behavior also result due to the emergence of new jobs. Women or wives can work with high paying jobs compared with their husbands. Opportunity to travel for work results from separation of family. Tourism can positively affect culture in terms of preserving and restoring our cultural heritage as being showcased in trade, museums, galleries and festivals. It helps the country revive traditional facts and artifacts. Because of tourism sectors and their activities such as promotions and marketing, planning and development etc., we are able to cultivate our cultural pride and identity.The desire to experience other culture and interact with other nationalities through learning foreign languages, we come to have cross cultural exchange. 3. TECHNOLOGY TRENDS Technological advancements are indispensible in the tourism industry as the service providers have to continuously update themselves with innovations to supply the changing needs and wants of the travellers. The airline sector has the Global Distribution System (GDS) that provide alliances with airlines having central airline operations through Amadeus, Galileo and Abacus. The e-ticket and e-receipt provide convenience of passengers in efficiency ofShow MoreRelatedAeta Tribes1067 Words   |  5 Pagesparallel with what they were before and what they are now. Tourism promotes international camaraderie. It promotes experience and proper understanding of the culture and the lifestyle of foreign countries. Unfortunately, these activities expose the indigenous culture of one’s country to foreign influences which lead to cultural degradation. This paper and its researchers aim to identify the different effects of modernization through tourism on the Aeta Tribe’s culture in Marcos Village, MabalacatRead MoreBeach Resort Feasibility Study988 Words   |  4 PagesENVIRONMENT D. COMPETITION E. INDUSTRY F. BUSINESS MODEL G. MARKETING AND SALES STRATEGY H. PRODUCTION/ OPERATING REQUIREMENTS I. MANAGEMENT AND PERSONAL REQUIREMENTS J. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY K. REGULATIONS/ ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES L. CRITICAL RISK FACTORS II. FINANCIAL PROJECTIONS A. BALANCE SHEET PROJECTIONS B. INCOME STATEMENT PROJECTIONS C. CASH FLOW PROJECTIONS D. BREAK-EVEN ANALYSIS E. CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS STRATEGY Read MoreAnalysis And Objectives Of Tourism Holdings Pty Ltd.1403 Words   |  6 PagesANALYSIS AND OBJECTIVES Tourism Holdings Pty Ltd Business Unit: Resonline GUY GRIGG (S3551270) CIO OF TOURISM HOLDINGS â€Æ' 2 Situation Analysis Tourism Holdings is an umbrella company which contains 3 main business Units. 1. Bookeasy – an online software solution for Visitor Centres in Australia and New Zealand. 2. Resonline – a channel management solution which connects accommodation operators to Online Travel Agent websites (Evans 2013). 3. Impartmedia – a website development company forRead MoreThe Influence of â€Å"It’s More Fun in the Philippines† Slogan as Perceived by Ceu - Makati Tourism Students and Local and Foreign Tourists8092 Words   |  33 PagesCHAPTER 1 The Problem and Its Setting Introduction Tourism industry is one of the pillars of Philippines’ economy. It is a major driving force towards economic growth. Both the government and the private sector continue to develop the tourism industry to attract large numbers of visitors in the face of sustainability challenges and competition from other countries. 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The Business Process Outsourcing Industry Free Essays

The current study aims to contribute to the dearth of literature on the motivational factors that influence the motivation of Indian business process outsourcing professionals who are deployed to the UK. The study further acknowledges the need to address the peculiar motivational needs of different professions operating amongst distinct industries. Because the business process outsourcing industry is a sunshine industry that holds much promise of progress, key players within this realm must be able to address all the concerns of consultants which they deploy offshore to ensure greater probability of success of offshore projects. We will write a custom essay sample on The Business Process Outsourcing Industry or any similar topic only for you Order Now The results of a survey with 60 BPO professionals in the UK suggest that the highest ratings for motivational factors are clarity of instructions with tasks; presence of clearly-defined and performance-based indicators; and presence of clear, well-defined goals. Notably, all factors are under the rule enforcement cluster of Katz Kahn’s model of motivation. The respondents also expressed that the lowest motivational factors are competitive pay; having loyalty as a basis for rewards; and having seniority as a criterion for reward. All these items belong to the cluster of external rewards. Logically, the highest rated motivation cluster is rule enforcement, while the lowest rated is external rewards. Based on the stepwise regression results, the positive, significant predictors of overall motivation include skills development, having realistic job expectations, lessened absenteeism as a result of motivation, seniority as a criterion for reward, and requiring less instruction or independence. All factors are positively correlated with overall motivation, except for having realistic job expectations, which has a negative correlation with the dependent variable. This means that as job expectations become more realistic, there is a tendency for overall motivation to decrease correspondingly. Motivational Factors of Indian Offshore Consultants in the UK: An Empirical Study Introduction Numerous empirical researches have focused on the study of motivation and job satisfaction of employees in western contexts, but few have focused on Indian BPO employees. Parikh Ghosh (2006) have emphasized that reward perceptions of collectivist culture employees are strongly determined by the nature of their cultural heritage and that they put greater premium on the good of the many rather than on their personal interests. The effects of culture are further discussed by Thomas Philip (1994) in his study of management in India, investigated the applicability of Western motivational theories in the context of India. These researches, among others, point out to the diverse array of factors that influence reward perceptions, and ultimately affect employee productivity. The current study aims to contribute to the dearth of literature on the motivational factors that influence the motivation of Indian business process outsourcing professionals who are deployed to the UK. The study further acknowledges the need to address the peculiar motivational needs of different professions operating amongst distinct industries. Because the business process outsourcing industry is a sunshine industry that holds much promise of progress, key players within this realm must be able to address all the concerns of consultants which they deploy offshore to ensure greater probability of success of offshore projects. Justification of the Study Culture and cognition exert a strong impact on the psychological work expectations and ensuing attitudes of employees. There are various variables that influence the job satisfaction of employees and these have been empirically investigated across countries (Earley, 1993). Despite the voluminous literature on job satisfaction, there is a dearth of studies that focus on the reward systems accorded to employees from collectivist cultures such as India (Graf et al, 1990), much more in the more specific context of BPO industry, investigating the applicability of Western reward systems in their context. Past empirical studies have focused on a comparison between Western and Eastern employees’ reward perceptions (Dubinsky, 1994). These studies have found that such perceptions are significantly affected by their respective cultures, and the norms that come with it. Values, in turn, will affect the appeal that certain rewards have on the members of the sales force. It is critical for organisations to be aware of the most appropriate rewards strategies because this have a direct effect on the sales person’s performance and productivity (Dubinsky, 1994). There has been no study to date that has focused specifically on the perception of rewards of BPO offshore consultants deployed to the United Kingdom. This study will permit timely and appropriate considerations in drafting the most optimal reward system for this group. This is the rationale for carrying out the current study. Review of Related Literature Revisiting the Process Theories of Motivation Process theories present viable explanations for the factors that have an impact on a person’s motivation, particularly on why he selects one course of action over another. These are categorized into cognitive and non-cognitive groups. Cognitive theories assert that behaviour engages mental processes while non-cognitive theories propose that these are caused more by situational factors. The primary cognitive theories include equity, goal setting, and expectancy theories which all emphasize the perceptions of results that are an effect of a specific course of action (Adams, 1965). The first cognitive theory, equity theory suggests that motivation is a type of exchange in which persons use internal equilibrium in choosing a course of behaviour. It projects that employees will select the option which they evaluate as most fair. The parts of the theory include inputs, outcomes, comparisons, and results. By definition are the traits that a person brings to the situations and the tasks that are necessary. On the other hand, outcomes are what the person benefits from the situation. The third component, comparisons is what transpires when the person weighs their inputs to some benchmark standard. Results or outcomes consist of the attitudes and behaviours that stem from their comparison, with the latter being perceived as equitable for equilibrium within the individual to exist (Adams, 1965). The next type of cognitive theory, goal setting theory, presents that individuals target goals and those enterprises may exert impact on their course of action by influencing these targets. The primary parts of such theory include intentions, performance standards, goal acceptance, and the effort expended. The aggregate effect of these components determine motivation. The engagement of an individual in goal setting is expected to enhance his sense of engagement and dedication to the company. Group setting is perceived to be less effective than individual goal setting because it lessens accountability for goal accomplishment. The objective or the goal is the most critical component of this theory; and such are deemed more effective when set with reasonable difficulty. While engagement in the setting of objectives enhances the likelihood of satisfaction, it does not necessarily result in more optimal performance (Mitchell, 1979). The third cognitive theory is expectancy theory, which asserts that individuals select the course of action which they perceive will yield the most optimal benefit. It further says that employees will seek different courses of action and finally select the alternative which will cause them to reap a desired outcome or reward. The theory has lent itself substantially to empirical testing and it has good predictive validity in making predictions about choice of jobs, satisfaction with work, and to a lesser degree the effort that the person will exert at work. In addition, the theory indicates that the individual’s expectations of being rewarded is as critical as his perception of the relationship between his actions and the rewards which he anticipates from the enterprise. Another implication of the theory is the uniqueness of individuals in the way rewards appeal to them; as such, companies must be prudent in being able to offer rewards which are deemed appealing by their employees (Mitchell, 1980). In connection with this, Hartog et al (1999) asserts that the perceptions of the social environment is influenced by the culture of the beholder. In effect, the ideal traits of leaders vary across cultures. Hunt, Boal and Sorenson (1990) propose that societal culture has an important impact on the development of superordinate category prototypes and implicit leadership theories. They hold that values and ideologies act as a determinant of culture specific superordinate prototypes, dependent on their strength. There is premium attached to a more profound comprehension of the manner in which leadership is manifested across different cultures. Thus, there is also a need for empirical research in this area to be able to understand the distinctions of leadership behaviour and its efficacy across cultures (House, 1995). Hartog et al (1999) asserts that there are various cultural profiles that have been culled from Hofstede’s framework of cultures and which have garnered various testable hypotheses on cross-cultural leadership. These encompass the dimensions of uncertainty avoidance, power distance, masculinity-femininity, individualism-collectivism, and future orientation. There are cultures which are distinguished by strong uncertainty avoidance, and which put high importance on leaders’ compliance to protocol, rules, and customs. This is not too applicable for low uncertainty avoidance cultures (Hartog et al. , 1999). In low uncertainty avoidance cultures, innovation is encouraged. Moreover, paternalistic cultures espouse leaders who are authoritative, as compared to maternal cultures. The latter prefer leaders who are engaging and sensitive as opposed to directive (Hartog et al. , 1999). In the study conducted by Gerstner and Day (1994), they have investigated the differences in leadership prototypes. In particular, the respondents were asked to rate 59 leadership traits. There were 35 American students and between 10-22 offshore students from seven nations; the results suggest that the strength of leader trait associations were distinct across cultures and native country. Considering the constraints of limited sample size, having to enlist students as respondents, and selecting offshore students who were then studying in the United States as representatives of other cultures, and having an unvalidated trait rating tool, there have been reliable distinctions found in their perceptions of leadership traits (Hartog et al, 1999). How to cite The Business Process Outsourcing Industry, Essays